Progressive Era, Roaring Twenties, and World War I

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Standards 5.41-5.48

World War I, The Roaring Twenties, and World War II

Students will analyze the involvement of the United States during World War I, the cultural, economic, and political developments of the 1920s, and the causes and course of World War II.

5.41 Describe the effects of Jim Crow Laws on the nation and Tennessee and the efforts of Ida B. Wells and Randolph Miller to bring attention to the inequalities of segregation. (C, H, P, TN)

5.42 Summarize the reasons for American entry into World War I, including submarine attacks on the Lusitania and the Zimmerman Telegram. (H, P)

5.43 Locate and map the countries of the Central and Allied Powers during World War I. (G)

5.44 Explain the roles of significant people and groups in World War I, including Herbert Hoover, John J. Pershing, doughboys, Lawrence Tyson, and Alvin C. York. (H, TN)

5.45 Refer to details and examples in a text to explain the aims of world leaders in the Treaty of Versailles and why the United States rejected Wilson’s League of Nations. (C, E, G, H, P)

5.46 Evaluate the role of Tennessee as the “Perfect 36” and the work of Anne Dallas Dudley, Harry Burn, and Governor Roberts in the fight for women’s suffrage and Josephine Pearson’s opposition. (C, P, TN)

5.47 Make connections with the growth of popular culture of the “Roaring Twenties” with the following: (C,E, TN)

  • W.C. Handy, Bessie Smith

  • automobiles, radios, and nickelodeons

  • Harlem Renaissance

  • WSM, Grand Ole Opry

  • Charles Lindbergh and the Spirit of St. Louis mass production, “just in time” inventory, appliances

5.48 Determine the meaning and use of economic terms credit, interest, and debt and the role these played in the economy of the 1920s. (E) 

Primary Documents and Supporting Texts to Read: Zimmerman Telegram; Telegram to Harry Burn from his mother 

Standards US.10-US.44

The Progressive Era 1890-1920

Students analyze the changing landscape, including the growth of cities and the demand for political, economic, and social reforms. Students trace the rise of the United States to its role as a world power in the twentieth century.

US.10 Analyze the similarities and differences between the ideologies of Social Darwinism and Social Gospel. (C, E, P)

US.11 Using textual evidence, compare and contrast the ideas and philosophies of Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Dubois. (C, P)

US.12 Explain the characteristics and impact of the Granger Movement and Populism, including the problems between farmers and the railroads, the call for banking reform, support for a graduated income tax, and regulation of public utilities. (E, H, P)

US.13 Describe the rise of trusts and monopolies, their subsequent impact on consumers and workers, and the government’s response, including the Sherman Anti-Trust Act of 1890. (E, P)

US.14 Describe working conditions in industries, including the use of labor by women and children. (C, E)

US.15 Analyze the rise of the labor movement, including its leaders, major tactics, and the response of management and the government: (C, E, H, P, TN)

  •  Samuel Gompers
  • Eugene Debs
  • Haymarket Affair
  • Pullman Strike
  • Coal Creek Labor Saga
  • Collective bargaining
  • Blacklisting
  • Open vs. closed shops
US.16 Citing textual evidence as appropriate, explain the significant roles played by muckrakers and progressive idealists, including Robert La Follette, Theodore Roosevelt, Ida Tarbell, Lincoln Steffens, and Upton Sinclair. (C, E, P)
US.17 Analyze the goals and achievements of the Progressive movement, including the following: (C, E, H, P)

  • Adoption of the initiative, referendum, and recall

  • Adoption of the primary system

  • 16th Amendment

  • 17th Amendment

  • impact on the relationship between the citizen and the government

US.18 Describe the movement to achieve suffrage for women, including its leaders, the activities of suffragettes, the passage of the 19th Amendment, and the role of Tennessee in the suffrage effort (Anne Dallas Dudley, Harry Burn, Josephine Pearson, “Perfect 36”). (C, H, P, TN)

US.19 Analyze the significant progressive achievements during the administration of Theodore Roosevelt including the Square Deal, “trust-busting,” the passage of the Pure Food and Drug Act, the Meat Inspection Act, and support for conservation. (E, H, P)

US.20 Analyze the significant progressive achievements during the administration of Woodrow Wilson, including his New Freedom, the Underwood Tariff, the Federal Reserve Act, and the Clayton Anti-Trust Act. (E, H, P)

US.21 Analyze the impact of the Great Migration of African Americans that began in the early 1900s from the rural South to the industrial regions of the Northeast and Midwest. (C, E, G, H)

US.22 Assess the causes of American imperialism in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, including the desire for raw materials and new markets, yellow journalism, and the desire to spread American democratic and moral ideals. (E, G, P)

US.23 Evaluate the arguments of interventionists and non-interventionists of the period, including Alfred T. Mahan, Senator Albert Beveridge, Mark Twain, and Theodore Roosevelt. (C, E, P).

US.24 Describe the consequences of American imperialism of the period, including the following events: (E, G, H, P)

  • annexation of Hawaii
  • Spanish-American War (Teller, Platt, and Foraker Acts)
  • Philippine Insurrection
  • Roosevelt Corollary
  • Panama Canal
US.25 Draw evidence from informational texts to compare and contrast Theodore Roosevelt’s Big Stick diplomacy, William Taft’s Dollar Diplomacy, and Woodrow Wilson’s Moral Diplomacy. (G, H, P)

US.26 Explain the causes of World War I in 1914 and the reasons for the initial declaration of United States’ neutrality. (G, H, P)

US.27 Justify with supporting detail from text, the reasons for American entry into World War I, including the use of unrestricted submarine warfare by the Germans, the Zimmerman Note, the defense of democracy, and economic motivations. (E, H, P).

US.28 Identify and explain the impact of the following events and people during World War I: (G, H, P, TN)

  • Major turning points

  • Impact of trench warfare

  • Use of new weapons and technologies

  • Herbert Hoover

  • John J. Pershing and the American Expeditionary Force

  • Doughboys

  • Alvin C. York

US.29 Analyze the aims and negotiating roles of world leaders, including Woodrow Wilson’s Fourteen Points, and the causes and effects of the United States’ rejection of the League of Nations on world politics. (H, P)

US.30 Analyze the political, economic, and social ramifications of World War I on the home front, including the role played by women and minorities, voluntary rationing, the Creel Committee, opposition by conscientious objectors, and the case of Schenck v. United States. (C, E, H, P)

Primary Documents and Supporting Texts to Read: excerpts from “Atlanta Exposition” speech, Booker T. Washington; excerpts from The Souls of Black Folks, W.E.B. Dubois; “The New Nationalism” speech, Theodore Roosevelt; excerpts from The Jungle, Upton

Sinclair; excerpts from “The March of the Flag” speech, Albert Beveridge; excerpts from anti- imperialism speeches and writings, Mark Twain

Primary Documents and Supporting Texts to Consider: excerpts from The History of Standard Oil, Ida Tarbell; excerpts from The Shame of the Cities, Lincoln Steffens; “Peace Without Victory” speech, Woodrow Wilson; Fourteen Points, Woodrow Wilson

The 1920s

Describe how the battle between traditionalism and modernism manifested itself in the major historical trends and events after World War I and throughout the 1920s.

US.31 Describe the growth and effects of radio and movies and their role in the worldwide diffusion of popular culture. (C, G)

US.32 Describe the rise of mass production techniques and the impact of new technologies, including the advent of airplane travel, spread of electricity, popularity of labor saving appliances, and innovations in food processing and food purchasing (Clarence Saunders). (E, G, H, TN)

US.33 Using multiple sources and diverse formats, summarize the impact of the mass production and widespread availability of automobiles on the American economy and society. (C, E, H, G)

US.34 Analyze the changes in the economy and culture of the United States as a result of expansion of credit, consumerism, and financial speculation. (E, H, C)

US.35 Describe the significant ideas and events of the administrations of Warren Harding and Calvin Coolidge, including the “return to normalcy,” Teapot Dome, and laissez faire politics. (E, H, P)

US.36 Analyze the attacks on civil liberties and racial and ethnic tensions, including the Palmer Raids, the immigration quota acts of the 1920’s, the resurgence of the Ku Klux Klan, the efforts of Ida B. Wells and Randolph Miller, the trial of Sacco and Vanzetti, the emergence of Garveyism, and the rise of the NAACP. (C, H, P, TN)

US.37 Explain the background of the Temperance Movement, the passage of the 18th Amendment to the Constitution and the Volstead Act; the impact of Prohibition on American society and its successes and failures, including the rise of organized crime, bootlegging and speakeasies, and repeal by the 21st Amendment. (E, C, H, P)

US.38 Describe the Scopes Trial of 1925, including the major figures, the two sides of the controversy, its outcome, and its legacy. (C, P, H, TN)

US.39 Describe the changing conditions for American Indians during this period, including the extension of suffrage and the restoration of tribal identities and way of life. (C, G, P)

US.40 Describe the Harlem Renaissance, its impact, and its important figures, including an examination of literary and informational text of or about Langston Hughes, Zora Neale Hurston, James Weldon Johnson, Duke Ellington, and Louis Armstrong. (C)

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US.41 Analyze the emergence of the “Lost Generation” in American literature, including the impact of Ernest Hemingway and F. Scott Fitzgerald. (C)

US.42 Describe changes in the social and economic status of women, including the work of Margaret Sanger, flappers, clerical and office jobs, and rise of women’s colleges. (C, E, P)

US.43 Analyze the rise of celebrities as icons of popular culture, including Babe Ruth, Lou Gehrig, Jack Dempsey, Red Grange, Bessie Smith, Billy Sunday, and Charles Lindbergh. (C)

US.44 Examine the growth and popularity of Blues Music in Memphis and the Grand Ole Opry in Nashville, including W.C. Handy, and WSM. (C, TN)

Primary Documents and Supporting Texts to Read: excerpts from The Great Gatsby, F. Scott Fitzgerald; selected poetry and essays of Langston Hughes; excerpts from Crusade
for Justice: The Autobiography of Ida B. Wells, Ida B. Wells